You might be thinking that socks are just socks — how complicated can it be? And to that I say, try going on a multi-day hike in a pair of business socks and you’ll find out pretty quickly that not all socks are created equal. Hiking socks are purpose-built for hiking. They’re made from suitable fabrics that are breathable, moisture-wicking, and durable. They have cushioning for comfort and to help prevent blisters. And some hiking socks are even fully waterproof for wading through streams or walking through wet grass or boggy areas. You might get away with a pair of sports socks on a day walk, but if you’re going hiking, a good pair of hiking socks are well worth the investment. I highly recommend not learning this the hard way.

The wool vs synthetic debate applies to a wide range of outdoor apparel and hiking socks are not exempt. However, almost all hiking socks are made from a blend of both wool and synthetic fibres to create the balance of comfort, warmth and strength required for a functional pair of socks. While Merino wool is the most popular fabric for hiking socks, they’re not the only option worth considering. Here’s a quick rundown of the different materials used in hiking socks.

• Wool Hiking Socks: Merino wool hiking socks are the gold standard. Merino provides unmatched warmth, breathability, and moisture-wicking properties, helping to keep your feet dry and comfortable, even when they’re stuffed inside boots for hours on end. They’re also quick-drying and naturally anti-microbial so they’re less inclined to get stinky on a multi-day hike. Merino wool is softer and less itchy than regular wool, which is another reason it’s such a popular fabric for hiking socks. It’s almost always blended with synthetic materials to provide optimal durability, cushioning, and stretch. Most Merino hiking socks are around 50-80% Merino wool.

• Polyester Hiking Socks: Polyester is commonly used for hiking socks, both as the main fabric and as a blend with wool. Polyester is also used in “polypro” thermals and is known for having good warmth, breathability, water resistance, and moisture-wicking properties. Polyester hiking socks are generally more affordable than wool ones and, when designed well, they do the job just fine. Some people who find wool itchy or scratchy may prefer polyester hiking socks. We also use polyester in the outer layer of our Dry Toes Waterproof Merino Hiking Socks.

• Nylon Hiking Socks: Nylon works best when blended with natural fibres like Merino wool. Nylon is durable, lightweight, and helps socks maintain their shape and elasticity. Its durability also helps your socks last longer, especially when you’re putting in miles on rugged trails. However, it doesn’t have the same breathability or odour resistance as natural fibres.

• Spandex and Elastane: Most hiking socks will contain a small amount of spandex/elastane to provide the flexibility and comfort you want on long days walking in the hills. Spandex also helps your socks hold their shape and prevents them from bunching up or slipping down into your boots.

It’s not uncommon to find hiking socks that contain three or more fabrics to create the right blend of comfort and performance. To give you an example, Bushbuck’s Sub-Zero Merino Hiking Socks contain 64% Merino wool, 34% nylon, 2% Spandex. 

Are Hiking Socks Waterproof?

Hiking socks are usually made from moisture-wicking and fast-drying fabrics, but most aren’t waterproof. However, you can get waterproof hiking socks. A lot of people are sceptical at first, but waterproof hiking socks can be a godsend when you’re doing a lot of river crossings, hiking in snow or sodden grass, or caught in a downpour. How Do Waterproof Socks Work? Bushbuck Dry Toes Waterproof Merino Socks use an innovative three-layer system, similar to the technology used in waterproof jackets. There’s a durable outer layer, a waterproof and breathable membrane in the middle, and a moisture-wicking, odour-resistant Merino wool blend inside. The socks have an 8,000mm waterproof rating and 10,000mm breathability rating so they’ll keep your feet dry and let the sweat and moisture out. If you’re still not convinced, take a look at the reviews.

Hiking socks are made for functionality, not style points, but they do come in several different heights or cuts, each designed for specific types of activities, footwear, and personal preference. Here's a breakdown of the most common styles:

• No-Show (or Low Cut): These socks sit just below the ankle and offer minimal coverage. They are ideal for breathability but offer little protection against dirt, debris, or chafing from boots. Best for: Light trail running or short hikes in hot weather with low-cut hiking shoes or trail runners.

• Ankle (or Quarter Length): These socks rise just above the ankle, offering more protection from dirt and rubbing than no-show socks. They’re a good middle ground for those who want some coverage without too much bulk. Best for: Moderate hikes or trail running with low or mid-cut shoes.

• Crew: Crew socks typically reach mid-calf and are the most popular height for hikers. They provide good protection against boot chafing, debris, and even low branches or shrubs on overgrown trails.

Best for: Most hiking boots and moderate to long hikes, especially in cooler or more rugged environments.

• Mid-Calf: These socks extend higher than crew socks, providing additional protection and warmth. They're great for hiking in rugged terrain or cold environments where boots or gaiters rub against your legs.

Best for: Hikers wearing taller boots or gaiters, or seeking extra warmth in colder conditions.

• Knee-High: These socks reach up to the knee and are designed for maximum warmth and protection. They are often used in extreme weather conditions or when layering is necessary.

Best for: Cold-weather hiking, mountaineering, or when wearing tall boots or gaiters.

Hiking Socks Cushioning

Cushioning is one of the main things that sets hiking socks apart from regular sports or business socks. While your boots should provide cushioning and protection from the ground, your hiking socks provide cushioning and protection from your boots, absorbing impact and reducing friction. So, how much cushioning do you need? Every hiker has different needs and every brand has different levels of cushioning. If you’re just getting started with longer hikes, you may want to opt for more cushioning. If you’re a seasoned hiker with worn-in boots and feet, you may get away with less support. It takes a bit of trial and error to find the best hiking socks for you, but this should give you a general idea. Where You Need Support Hiking socks typically provide extra cushioning in high-impact areas: the heel, ball of the foot, and sometimes the toes. These spots absorb the most pressure when walking or hiking, so having additional padding there helps reduce strain and keeps your feet feeling fresher, longer. How Much Cushioning Do You Need?

• Light Cushioning: Ideal for warm-weather hikes, or for those who prefer lighter shoes or trail runners. It provides minimal padding but allows for better breathability.

• Medium Cushioning: Best for standard day hikes or longer treks. This provides a good balance between comfort and breathability, making it a versatile option.

• Heavy Cushioning: Suitable for multi-day hikes, cold-weather conditions, or sensitive feet. These socks are thick and plush, offering maximum protection and warmth for those rugged, long-distance hikes or heavy boots.

The amount of cushioning you need depends on the length of your hike, the terrain, and your footwear. Heavier boots and longer treks often call for more cushioning to keep your feet protected and comfortable.

A good fit is crucial when it comes to hiking socks. You want your socks to feel snug, but not tight, with no excess material bunching up or sliding around. Socks that are too loose can cause friction, leading to blisters, while socks that are too tight can restrict blood flow and cause discomfort. Many high-quality hiking socks include a small percentage of elastane or spandex in key areas like the arch, ankle, and cuff. This gives the socks a bit of stretch and helps them conform to the shape of your foot, creating a more ergonomic fit. The elastic sections ensure that the socks stay securely in place, hugging your feet without slipping or shifting as you move. Choosing the Right Size You want to match your sock size to your boot size as closely as possible. When you try them on, you’re looking for a snug, but not overly tight fit. You want to make sure the heel of the sock sits flush with the heel of your foot and that there’s no loose areas, especially around your toes where blisters are common. Most brands will have a size guide for their hiking socks to help you choose the right fit for you. Here’s the Bushbuck size guide for reference.

Put Your Best Foot Forward

Hiking socks should be more than an afterthought when it comes to buying outdoor gear. But you definitely don’t need to overthink it either. Once you’ve chosen your next pair of hiking socks, the best way to break them in is by getting out there. Slip them on, lace up your boots, grab your pack, and rack up some miles on the trails. Whether you’re tackling a multi-day trek or just heading out for a quick day hike, the right pair of socks can make all the difference. 

Check out Bushbuck’s Hiking Socks